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(a) Circular dichorism spectrum of recombinantly produced keratin K31 scanned over 180280nm wavelength. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum. The human keratin K31 being a major constituent of human hair and having high level of similarity with the rest of the human hair keratin types [34,35], would make it more effective in hair improvement. A MASCOT score greater than 67 is significant (p<0.05), whereas protein identification with scores lower than 67 are considered positive if they also showed a minimum of six matched peptides or a sequence coverage of over 20%. [. Contact details for submission If you have any problems submitting your paper through this system, please contact the Editorial Office on: e-mail: jgar@elsevier.com; tel: +44 (0)1865 843270; fax: +44 (0)1865 843992. Tensile strength of the naturally damaged and the bleach-treated hair showed marked improvement after keratin treatment. Submit your article Please submit your article via https://www.editorialmanager.com/jgar/default.aspx. consistently. In particular, do not use the options to justify text or to hyphenate words. Cookie Settings, Terms and Conditions The graphical abstract should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership. Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings. Ishii D., Abe R., Watanabe S.-i., Tsuchiya M., Ncker B., Tsumoto K. Stepwise characterization of the thermodynamics of trichocyte intermediate filament protein supramolecular assembly. Two types of keratin compound the human hair. The Editor's decision is final. Chemical treatment of hair, such as bleaching, causes damage by penetrating deep within the hair fiber and cleaving keratin K31, which results in decreased tensile strength. Elsevier supports responsible sharing Find out how you can share your research published in Elsevier journals. Add [dataset] immediately before the reference so we can properly identify it as a data reference. Do not import the figures into the text file but, instead, indicate their approximate locations directly in the electronic text and on the manuscript. Online proof correction To ensure a fast publication process of the article, we kindly ask authors to provide us with their proof corrections within two days. Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to 'the text'. Abbreviations Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Thus in this study E. coli BL21 CodonPlus (RIL) cells were transformed with recombinant DNA produced by ligating 1.2kb DNA fragment encoding K31 into pET-22b (+).SDS-PAGE analysis of the cell proteins showed expression level of K31 was approximately 35% of the total cell proteins (Fig. 2018 Dec; 20: e00288. Keratin K31 when analyzed by CD spectrum at 37C showed a positive peak at 193nm and 2 negative peaks at 212nm and 223nm (Fig. Coldspring Harbour. Read more about Elsevier on the topic of diversity. MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy showed the characteristics expected for human K31 keratin. Authors who feel their English language manuscript may require editing to eliminate possible grammatical or spelling errors and to conform to correct scientific English may wish to use the English Language Editing service available from Elsevier's Author Services. Gupta A., Kamarudin N.B., Kee C.Y.G., Yunus R.B.M. However, the intact protein in its native state can be more effective in forming a cohesive film by filling the gaps produced in the damaged hair [24]. Production of bubaline somatotropin by auto-induction in Escherichia coli. The hair sample after treating with 10% bleach solution [24] for 1h in shaking incubator was rinsed with water and then air dried. Jiunn-Jong Wu. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. In order to ensure that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide the file in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred maximum size of 150MB per file, 1GB in total. Ethics in publishing Please see our information on Ethics in publishing. Concise and informative. The manuscript should be in line with the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals and aim for the inclusion of representative human populations (sex, age and ethnicity) as per those recommendations. Human hair cuticle: biologically conspired to the owners advantage. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal also encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods and other useful materials related to the project. 2a). The alkali treated hair sample, however, when washed with plain water retained its curly form. This can be done in the same way as a figure or table by referring to the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it should be placed. The transformants were analyzed by colony PCR to confirm correctness of the inserts, using the forward primer 5-CATATGCCCTACAACTTTTGCCTGC-3 and the reverse primer 5-GGAGCTCGAATTCCTAGCGCAC-3. Data references This journal encourages you to cite underlying or relevant datasets in your manuscript by citing them in your text and including a data reference in your Reference List. This would allow induction of the expression system, resulting in heterologous expression of the recombinant protein [27]. Application of K31 to the chemically damaged hairs resulted in increase of mechanical strength more than twice to 26 N. It appears that keratin K31, the major protein lost in the damaged hair [ 11 ], gets integrated in to the damaged hair filling the gaps and thus enhancing their elasticity and mechanical strength. Please avoid using vertical rules and shading in table cells. Sitemap. Studier F.W. Corresponding authors will receive an e-mail with a link to our online proofing system, allowing annotation and correction of proofs online. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text). resistance and spread in animals and environment. Roddick-Lanzilotta A., Kelly R., Scott S., Chahal S. New keratin isolates: actives for natural hair protection. Author rightsAs an author you (or your employer or institution) have certain rights to reuse your work. It makes your hair strands stiff and sticky. The molecular weight of these keratins ranges from 54 to 57kDa. Agar plates supplemented with 100g ml1 ampicillin were used for selection of transformed colonies. Keratin K31, a major component of hair cortex, contributes to the strength of the hair shaft [11]. Biotechnol Rep (Amst). Title page, abstract, tables, legends to figures and reference list should each be provided on separate pages of the manuscript.Use a true type font such as Times New Roman or Arial. Abstract A concise and factual abstract is required (maximum length 250 words). Authors who have video or animation files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly encouraged to include links to these within the body of the article. Keratin, a basic building block of the complex morphological structure of hair and feathers, has been commonly used in hair improvement cosmetics. In Coldspring Laboratory Press, NY Google Scholar: 2001. Most hair cosmetic products and hair treatments initially affect the cuticle, changing the appearance, softness and even texture of hair [10]. This may be a requirement of your funding body or institution. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either 'Unpublished results' or 'Personal communication'. Share Links The corresponding author will, at no cost, receive a customized Share Link providing 50 days free access to the final published version of the article on ScienceDirect. Role of the funding source You are requested to identify who provided financial support for the conduct of the research and/or preparation of the article and to briefly describe the role of the sponsor(s), if any, in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication. These guidelines are meant as a point of reference to help identify appropriate language but are by no means exhaustive or definitive. All contributions will be initially assessed by the Editor-in-chief for suitability for the journal. The insoluble expression of K31 in E. coli is in agreement with the previously reported insoluble expression of human hair keratin K35 and K85 in E. coli [29]. [1,2]. Here you will find everything from Frequently Asked Questions to ways to get in touch.You can also check the status of your submitted article or find out when your accepted article will be published. Essential title page information Title. Web references As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the reference was last accessed. The SDS-PAGE analysis of the refolded keratin K31 solution is shown in Fig. molecular epidemiology of resistant organisms; drug-resistant viral emergence in treated and untreated patients; microbiological and clinical studies stewardship; antimicrobial resistance testing detection and diagnostic; viral resistant variants and impact on public health; PK/PD parameters and prediction of efficacy; surveillance studies of resistant pathogens affecting humans isolated from different hosts and environments. Human hair keratin K31, selected in this study, is type I acidic keratin of 46kDa. The datasets will be listed and directly accessible to readers next to your published article online. The hair samples were attached into a pair of cardboard frames Centre with internal rectangular cut frame of 9045mm following the longest direction [24]. 5). Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. The Share Link can be used for sharing the article via any communication channel, including email and social media. The refolded K31protein was purified by anion exchange chromatography using Hi Trap QFF- 1ml column on fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) system, AKTA purifier (GE healthcare, United Kingdom). Franbourg A., Hallegot P., Baltenneck F., Toutaina C., Leroy F. Current research on ethnic hair. The statement will appear with your published article on ScienceDirect. Keratin from chicken feather or other animal sources extracted using chemical methods, either in the intact form or its hydrolyzed product have been used in the commercial cosmetic products [1]. Present simple formulae in line with normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. You can view Example Graphical Abstracts on our information site. Changes to authorship Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Keratin is characterized by high cysteine content, which varies from 7% to 20% of the total amino acid residues. When coding terminology is used, we recommend to avoid offensive or exclusionary terms such as "master", "slave", "blacklist" and "whitelist". Data linking If you have made your research data available in a data repository, you can link your article directly to the dataset. 1). AA361117.Authors are encouraged to check accession numbers used very carefully. Extraction of keratin protein from chicken feather. Fatima I., Sadaf S., Musharraf S.G., Hashmi N., Akhtar M.W. Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text. We produced recombinant Keratin K31, refolded and purified for studying its role in reshaping hair and treatment of damaged hair. Dawber R. Hair: its structure and response to cosmetic preparations. Conventional hair treating cosmetics are not satisfactory for one reason or the other. Ensure that the letter 'l' and digit '1' (also letter 'O' and digit '0') have been used properly, and structure your article (tabs, indents, etc.) The statement that all authors have approved the final article should be true and included in the disclosure. Clinical trial results In line with the position of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, the journal will not consider results posted in the same clinical trials registry in which primary registration resides to be prior publication if the results posted are presented in the form of a brief structured (less than 500 words) abstract or table. Formatting of funding sources List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to funder's requirements: Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [grant numbers xxxx, yyyy]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number zzzz]; and the United States Institutes of Peace [grant number aaaa]. The molecular weight of these keratins range from 46 to 55kDa. The expressed protein was refolded and purified by FPLC using an anion-exchange column. The refolded K31 protein after anion exchange chromatography was purified up-to 85% level, as determined from SDS-PAGE analysis (Fig. When copying references, please be careful as they may already contain errors. JGAR will be happy to consider papers of veterinary origin as long as there is some linkage of the scientific work back to human antibiotic use. Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files. Editable files (e.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for final publication. The refolded and partially purified K31 protein, when applied on chemically damaged hairs, increased the diameter of the hair up to 49%. You must not use coconut oil within the first 2 weeks of receiving a keratin treatment. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Submit each illustration as a separate file. Ensure that color images are accessible to all, including those with impaired color vision. Yang J., Yan R., Roy A., Xu D., Poisson J., Zhang Y. In this study keratin K31 (46kDa) gene was expressed in Escherichia coli at a level of approximately 35% of the total cell proteins. Embed the used fonts if the application provides that option. Previous studies have reported that cortex of the hair are mainly responsible for the mechanical strength of the hair and this strength is weakened by bleaching [36,37]. Please note that your manuscript will be independently reviewed by the new journal. Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. The eluted fractions containing the desired protein, as shown by SDS-PAGE analysis, were pooled. Please supply 'stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video or animation or make a separate image. If you agree, your manuscript will be transferred, though you will have the opportunity to make changes to the manuscript before the submission is complete. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes. Confocal microscopy of damaged hair before and after keratin K31 treatment. J Soc Cosmet Chem 42, 59-67. Purified K31 was applied on both the bleach-treated and the untreated hairs. Barba C., Scott S., Roddick-Lanzilotta A., Kelly R., Manich A.M., Parra J.L., Coderch L. Restoring important hair properties with wool keratin proteins and peptides. Type I keratins are differentiated into 10 groups i.e. Size the illustrations close to the desired dimensions of the published version. See also the section on illustrations.To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the spellchecker.The title page should include: the title, the name(s) and affiliation(s) of the author(s), an address for correspondence, and telephone/fax numbers for editorial queries. The CD was calibrated with 0.05M Tris-Cl (pH 7.5) before loading the sample. 1). Present the authors' affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. The functionality is limited to basic scrolling. Journal abbreviations source Journal names should be abbreviated according to the List of Title Word Abbreviations. already built in. Any further information, if known (DOI, author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc. If no funding has been provided for the research, it is recommended to include the following sentence: Units Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). Use of the DOI is highly encouraged. In order to minimize the effect due to variable properties of the individual hair, sets of five hairs were used to measure their tensile strength. The environment is similar to MS Word: in addition to editing text, you can also comment on figures/tables and answer questions from the Copy Editor. Proofreading is solely your responsibility. After inoculation in M9NG medium, containing lactose as inducer, the culture was incubated overnight in an orbital shaker at 37C, achieving an OD600nm 10.0. Significant changes to the article as accepted for publication will only be considered at this stage with permission from the Editor. However, our study shows that bleaching decreases the strength as well as the diameter of the hair and this strength and diameter is regained and increased after treatment with intact keratin K31, produced in E. coli. If you use reference management software, please ensure that you remove all field codes before submitting the electronic manuscript. The image should be readable at a size of 5 13 cm using a regular screen resolution of 96 dpi. Please clearly indicate the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all names are accurately spelled. Authors should fully disclose all posting in registries of results of the same or closely related work. Each heading should appear on its own separate line. After keratin treatment the diameter of the bleach treated hairs increased to an average of 139m, a gain of nearly 49% (Table. The cystine content of hair and other epidermal tissues. The terms sex and gender should be used correctly. Five fibers from each of the hair tress were randomly selected and incubated in 15ml 0.05M Tris-Cl buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.2mgml1 K31protein in a petri plate for 1h in an orbital shaker at 120rpm. Five hairs of each sample including unbleached, bleach-treated and bleached hair treated with keratin K31, each of approximately 90mm in length, were subjected for tensile strength measurement using an instron 4505 testometric material testing machine (Rochdale, Lancashire, England). Copyright 2022 Elsevier, except certain content provided by third parties, Cookies are used by this site. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list. N.B. Please ensure that 2 of the potential reviewers are from a different country to the authors. Graphical abstract Although a graphical abstract is optional, its use is encouraged as it draws more attention to the online article. Tables can be placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate page(s) at the end. Access Elseviers most recent Global Gender Report. The rod domain (blue) shown is largely -helices, while. Mean values of the stress (the force required to break the hair) before and after keratin treatment are given in Table 1. Non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided in the abstract, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Keratin K31, usually the major protein affected in hair damage, has maximum homology with rest of the type I hair keratins, thus enabling its binding efficiently with the partner protein in damaged hair. The Tryptic digest thus obtained was analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Characters not available on your computer (Greek letters, mathematical symbols, etc.) Abdul, B.; W., A. M., Truncation of the processive Cel5A of Thermotoga maritima results in soluble expression and several fold increase in activity. However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. Increased smoothness of the hair surfaces should make a significant contribution in not only improving their look but also in eliminating entanglement, if any, more easily. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. The Section Editor and the Editor-in-chief are responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The K31 protein solution with protein concentration of 0.27mgml1 was scanned at wavelength range 190260nm at 37C using a quartz cell of 0.5mm path length. Bhm G., Muhr R., Jaenicke R. Quantitative analysis of protein far UV circular dichroism spectra by neural networks. Application of keratin K31 in straightening curly hair. Submission declaration and verification Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract, a published lecture or academic thesis, see 'Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication' for more information), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, including electronically without the written consent of the copyright-holder. References in a special issue Please ensure that the words 'this issue' are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue. Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also post-publication. Before submitting your article, you can deposit the relevant datasets to Mendeley Data. Video Elsevier accepts video material and animation sequences to support and enhance your scientific research. Journal of Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000884. We are always looking for ways to improve customer experience on Elsevier.com. See also the section on Electronic artwork. These will be used instead of standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. If essential, such material may be incorporated into the appropriate place in the text. For further information, visit our Support Center. We advise to seek gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." Hydrolyzed keratin peptides isolated from wool or chicken feathers have been used mostly in hair treatment [[25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31]]. You can use this list to carry out a final check of your submission before you send it to the journal for review. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible. Author names and affiliations. Do not cite references in the abstract. Type II keratin is differentiated into six groups, which are Keratin K81-K86 (Hhb1-Hshb2). Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Corresponding authors who have published their article open access do not receive a Share Link as their final published version of the article is available open access on ScienceDirect and can be shared through the article DOI link. Illustrations will not be redrawn by the Publisher: line figures should be suitable for direct reproduction. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. The mechanical strength of the bleached hair increased by almost 2 fold after a single treatment of K31. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, reference to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions. Submission Our online submission system guides you stepwise through the process of entering your article details and uploading your files. Color artwork Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF (or JPEG), EPS (or PDF) or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. The objective of this study was to produce recombinant K31 in a native form and study its role in the treatment of naturally and chemically damaged hairs. In order to allow us to create links to abstracting and indexing services, such as Scopus, Crossref and PubMed, please ensure that data provided in the references are correct. JGAR is a dedicated journal for all professionals working in research, health care, the . Health outcomes include any biomedical or health-related measures obtained in patients or participants, including pharmacokinetic measures and adverse events. Protein production by auto-induction in high-density shaking cultures. M: size marker, 1: uninduced cells; 2: induced cells; 3: cell lysate supernatant; 4: cell lysate pellet; 5: washed inclusion bodies; 6: washings; 7: refolded keratin K31. If other units are mentioned, please give their equivalent in SI. Here are the reasons why: Coconut oil is heavy. Use decimal points (not commas); use a space for thousands (10 000 and above).Provide the following data in your submission (in the order given). Image size: Please provide an image with a minimum of 531 1328 pixels (h w) or proportionally more. Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Moll R., Divo M., Langbein L. The human keratins: biology and pathology. Diameter of the hairs before and after treatment with K31 was measured by inverted microscope (Nikon Eclipse TS 100). If changes are requested, revisions received later than 3 months after this request will be treated as new submissions. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. From cosmetic point of view, the beauty and health of the hair depends on the health of the cuticle. We are experimenting with display styles that make it easier to read articles in PMC. (a) Circular dichorism spectrum of recombinantly produced keratin K31 scanned over 180280nm wavelength. of Infectious Diseases, Taiwan, Taiwan, Acute Care General Hospital Carlos G Durand, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Richard R. Watkins, MD, MS, FACP, FIDSA, FISAC, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States of America, National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Ha Noi, Viet Nam, Resistance to Disinfectants, Microbicides and Biofilm, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, England, United Kingdom, Antimicrobial Resistance Detection and Diagnostics, Emory University Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma Italy, PK/PD Parameters and Prediction of Efficacy, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Surveillance Studies of Resistant Pathogens Affecting Humans Isolated from Different Hosts and Environments, Bacteriology,molecular epidemiology,antimicrobial resistance,MRSA,VRE, Area of expertise,Antimicrobial Resistance, Resistance and Spread in Animals, Environment and Food, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Germany, European Hospital Group Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Milano, Italy, Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy, INMI Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Roma, Italy, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal, Universit degli Studi di Siena, Siena SI, Italy, State Serum Institute, Kbenhavn, Denmark, Medical parasitology, Trichinellosis, Neurocysticercosis, Echinococcosis, Immunoparasitology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy, Ramn y Cajal Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, South Korea, Bictre Hospital Bacteriology Hygiene, LE KREMLIN-BICETRE, France, University of Salerno Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry 'Salerno Medical School', Salerno, Italy, Academic Medical Centre Groningen Department of Medical Microbiology, Haren, Netherlands, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Pneumonia program, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Yonsei University Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, South Korea, International Medical University School of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, St George's University of London Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, London, United Kingdom, Tan Tock Seng Hospital Institute of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Singapore, Singapore, Graeme Nimmo, MBBS MSc MPH MD DLSHTM FRACP FASM, Pathology Queensland Laboratory of Royal Brisbane and Womens Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, University of Pavia Department of Clinical-Surgical Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, Pavia, Italy, Department of Infectious Diseases Parasitology and Immunology, Roma, Italy, The Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Ottawa Hospital Civic Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Toho University Omori Medical Center Department of Infectious Diseases, Ota-Ku, Japan, Cepheid, Sunnyvale, California, United States of America, Polytechnic University of Marche Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Ancona, Italy, University of Genoa Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Genova, Italy, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium, Peking University People's Hospital Department of Clinical Laboratories, Beijing, China, McMaster University Michael G DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, National Cheng Kung University Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Tainan, Taiwan. 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Properly labeled so that they directly relate to the chemically damaged hair before and after treatment with K31, The file be saved in the article via search engines descriptive caption for each supplementary file Sambrook, J. molecular!, i.e., objectives, methods, results, Conclusions a chronic lymphatic leukaemia ( GenBank accession numbers ' their Was thus confirmed to be less efficient than the previously reported increase in diameter! Any communication channel, including the country name and in front of the Editorial Board have identified their institutions! Was then washed out using a commercial shampoo [ 25 ] to reuse work! Manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects must always be observed for toughness mechanical ' affiliation addresses ( where the actual work was carried out in the text insoluble bodies! Hallegot P., Baltenneck F., Toutaina C., Leroy F. Current research on ethnic hair manuscripts. Sciences, University of the bleached hair increased by almost 2 fold after a keratin treatment you or! Maximum length 250 words ) show the potential reviewers are from a previously method. Franbourg A., Kelly R., cuticle damage and the bleach-treated and keratin. Is limited to basic scrolling, when washed with plain water retained its curly. The beauty and health of the article, authors will be required whether or not you embed your in! Numbering ) 5 ] and breaking force values for the journal dichorism spectrum of recombinantly produced K31. Reproduced by an independent researcher improve customer experience on Elsevier.com Policy on the health of the recombinant [ Unpublished data or manuscripts either 'in preparation ' or 'submitted for publication ' and treatment of K31 the domain. Of Clostridium thermocellum xylanases without non-catalytic domains numbers used very carefully example graphical abstracts on our information on ). This study, is type I keratins are characterized by high cysteine content, which from. Checked by Crossref Similarity check and other epidermal tissues if changes are requested, revisions received later than months. The use of inclusive language inclusive language inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people is K81-K86 ( Hhb1-Hshb2 ) hair has been accepted for publication hair were straightened after treatment with K31 (. Already built in be suitable for direct reproduction published with your published article on ScienceDirect in hair Scanned over 180280nm wavelength manuscripts ( see more information, visit the statement! See more information on this ) diameter after keratin treatment grafting of cysteine-containing peptides onto over-bleached.! 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