Debris shot up and everything within 600 miles was killed. The late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure (CBIS) on the Atlantic margin of Virginia is one of the largest and best-preserved "wet-target" craters on Earth. USGS Professional Paper 1612 . https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract_41490.htm, Deutsch A., Koeberl C. (2006) Establishing the Link Between the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure and the North American Tektite Strewn Field: The Sr-Nd Isotopic Evidence. USGS scientist David Powars, one of the impact crater's discoverers, described the immediate aftermath: "Within minutes, millions of tons of water, sediment, and shattered rock were cast high into the atmosphere for hundreds of miles along the East Coast." Powars, D.S., and Bruce, T.S., 1999, The effects of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater on the geological framework and correlation of hydrogeologic units of the Lower York-James Peninsula, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1612, 82 p. Prepared in cooperation with the Hampton Roads Planning District Commission. Timing of the impact is relatively well constrained by multiple studies, to 35.3 to 35.4 Ma (e.g. America's Largest Asteroid Impact Left a Trail of Destruction Across An official website of the United States government. This report documents the highly variable structure, stratigraphy, and buried topography of the outer rim of the Chesapeake Bay impact crater created by its impact and burial. The Chesapeake Bay Impact Crater - North Dakota State University The older beds have sagged over the subsiding breccia, and the younger rocks have been deposited in the resulting topographic depression. This is one case of major impacts that had no effect, while major extinctions were occurring. 726, doi:10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00304-1. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022309303003041, Horton, J. W., Jr., J. N. Aleinikoff, M. J. Kunk, G. S. Gohn, L. E. Edwards, J. M. Self-Trail, D. S. Powars, and G. S. Izett. Federal Government, Coastal and Marine Geology Program > The Chesapeake Bay Bolide Impact: A New View of Coastal Plain Evolution, The Chesapeake Bay Bolide: Modern Consequences of an Ancient Cataclysm, Chesapeake Bay Ecosystem History and Change, The Chesapeake Bay: Geologic Product of Rising Sea Level - USGS Fact Sheet 102-98, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 1 Metastable preservation of coesite and stishovite requires rapid cooling prior to amorphization. The crater is extremely well preserved, and is open to the public for viewing. Effects of the Bolide Impact Discovery of the giant crater has completely revised our understanding of Atlantic Coastal Plain evolution. In Large Meteorite Impacts III: Geological Society of America Special Paper 384, 2005a, pp. Drilling wasdone into the crater moat, but close to the central uplift, to obtain as thickand as undisturbed a post-impact sequence of impactites and post-impactsediment as possible. <<The Chesapeake Bay impact crater was formed by a bolide that impacted the eastern shore of North America about 35 million years ago, in the late Eocene epoch. Seismic profiles are like two-dimensional cross sections of the subsurface beds. Geology, Volume 33, pp. (1993) The Chesapeake Bay impact crater; Stratigraphic and seismic evidence (abstract). . The world's sixth largest impact crater was created about 35 million years ago when a two to three mile wide asteroid or comet splashed into a shallow sea and shattered Earth's crust. They walked right through it.According to Prothero, these extinctions were most likely caused by long-term global cooling and changes in the ocean circulation brought about by continental drift. Lee S. R., Horton Jr. J. W., Walker R. J. Horton, J.W., Jr., and Izett, G.A., 2005; Horton et al., 2009; Bartosova et al., 2009; Vanko, 2009. Lithologies of cores are correlated with borehole geophysical logs to characterize the physical properties of the stratigraphic units and their geophysical signatures. 8, pp. Location of Chesapeake Bay Impact Crater and Finite-Difference Model Grid in Virginia and Adjacent Parts of Maryland and North Carolina. Possible explanations are 1) participation of unsampled target materials with high PGE abundances in the impact-melt rocks, and 2) variable fractionations of PGE during syn- to post-impact events. The crater is now approximately 200 km southeast of Washington, D.C., and is buried 300-500 meters beneath the southern part of Chesapeake Bay and the peninsulas of southeastern Virginia (fig. The youngest microfossils in the boulder bed are of early-late Eocene age. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America. 120., Griscom D. L. (2001) Possible identification of proximal ejecta from the Upper-Eocene Chesapeake Bay crater (abstract), European Science Foundation: Impact Programme, 6thESF-IMPACT Workshop, Granada, Spain, 35., Griscom D. L. (2002) Is Washington DC built on ejecta deposits of the upper-Eocene Chesapeake Bay Crater? Most rivers in the area, like the Rappahannock, flow southeastward to the Atlantic. Several impact-melt rocks with lowest initial 187Os/188Os ratios and the highest osmium concentrations could have been produced by additions of 0.1%-0.2% of a meteoritic component. Country: United States of America Buy United States of America flags at Flagstore.com! Meteoritics and Planetary Science 2010. Physical Description: 1 electronic document. The structure displays several characteristics typical of terrestrial impact craters (flat floor; upraised faulted rim; brecciated sedimentary fill), but several other characteristics are atypical (an unusually thin ejecta blanket; lack of an inner basin, peak ring, or central peak; being nearly completely filled with breccia). The bolide made impact at a speed of approximately 17.8 kilometers (11.1 miles) per second,[4] punching a deep hole through the sediments and into the granite continental basement rock. Eons ago, a comet or asteroid slammed into the Chesapeake area. [12] Geological Formation - Chesapeake Bay (U.S. National Park Service) The topography also reflects the differential subsidence. The Chesapeake Bay impact crater[1]was formed by a bolidethat impactedthe eastern shore of North Americaabout 35.5 0.3 million years ago, in the late Eoceneepoch. Chesapeake Impact Crater Fault Line Location Project Part 2 It is one of the best-preserved "wet-target" impact craters in the world. The rhenium and platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations of these rocks are 30-270?? Reston, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey, open-file report 2004-1016. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1016/2004-1016.pdf, Edwards L. E., Powars D. S. (2003) Impact Damage to Dinocysts from the Late Eocene Chesapeake Bay Event. Inside the crater, outside the crater: Stratigraphic details of the European Science Foundation: Impact Programme. With sea level this low, the major east coast rivers had to cut narrow valleys across the region all the way to the shelf edge. (2009) Rock magnetic properties of the ICDP-USGS Eyreville core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USA. 119136., Emry, S. R., and B. Miller. The Barringer Crater is a 1.2 kilometer simple, bowl shaped crater formed about 50,000 years ago by an iron impactor about 30 meters across. Much of the work was summarized in a major volume, Gohn et al. Petrography, mineralogy, and geochemistry of deep gravelly sands in the Eyreville B core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure 7, p. A-119., Self-Trail J. M. (2003) Shock-Wave-Induced Fracturing of Calcareous Nano Fossils from the Chesapeake Bay Impact Crater. It was formed within a 3-layer target, crystallinebasement overlain by a well stratified sedimentary cover sequence,in turn below a shallow ocean of ca. Some of the faults appear to completely breach the confining unit over the saltwater reservoir. 1730 East Parham Road Last July a team of Canadian and Russian scientists announced that they had determined when the meteorite hit: 35.7 million years ago, give or take 200,000 years. See a summary of publications on this topic listed here and under the "Publications" tab. The fill unit is stratigraphically correlative with impact ejecta cored nearby at Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 612 and at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 903 and 904 (2235 km southeast of the Toms Canyon structure). The location of the crater in Chesapeake Bay. Chesapeake Bay impact crater; Location of impact site in relation to the United States. ', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chesapeake_Bay_impact_crater&oldid=1114335612, This page was last edited on 6 October 2022, at 00:25. United States Meteorite Impact Craters - Chesapeake Bay Crater, Virginia Most important for present-day inhabitants of the area, the impact disrupted aquifers. Gohn G. S., Koeberl C., Miller K. G., Riemold W. U., Browning J. V., Cockell C. S., Horton Jr, J. W., Kenkman T., Kulpecz A. This is an area twice the size of Rhode Island, and nearly as deep as the Grand Canyon. It is one of the best preserved marine impact craters, and the largest known impact crater in the U.S. Algae, crustaceans, and mollusks were going extinct in large numbers, while primitive whales were replaced by modern groups. Griscom D.L. (2012) In plain sight: the Chesapeake Bay crater ejecta blanket, Solid Earth Discuss., Volume 4, pp. Location: Virginia, United States. Another consequence of the bolide is that all ground-water aquifers were truncated and excavated by the impact. chesapeake bay impact crater location - exoticcarlife.com planar deformation features in quartz (up to 5 sets); ballen quartz; impactor components in target materials. Meteor helped form bay. Geology, Volume 31, No. "ICDP-USGS Workshop on Deep Drilling in the Central Crater of the Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure, Virginia, USA: Proceedings volume." pp. 35.4 Ma crater located on the eastern sea- PDF Influence of The Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure on Ground - Usgs Based on the new isotope data, we exclude any relation between the NA tektites and the Popigai impact crater, although they have identical ages within 2s errors. This section, which is includedfor eachcrater on this website,is not an exhaustive list of such published evidence, but is meant to demonstrate that appropriate work has been done for each listing. (2009) to about 85 km diameter, with a ~40 km diameter central uplift. http://specialpapers.gsapubs.org/content/458, EARTH IMPACT DATABASE: CHESAPEAKE BAY CRATER, WIKIPEDIA ENTRY FOR CHESAPEAKE BAY IMPACT CRATER. 218-226. doi. Water and debris was thrown 50 miles up, and the article also said that the ocean could've flooded over the top of the Blue Ridge . 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